Depersonalization / Derealization Disorder

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder is a condition where people feel disconnected from themselves or the world around them. When someone experiences depersonalization, they may feel as if they are watching themselves from outside their body, almost like they’re observing someone else. It can feel as though their body, thoughts, or feelings don’t belong to them. With derealization, the world around them may seem unreal, foggy, or dream-like. Objects may look distorted, and familiar places might feel unfamiliar. These feelings can be upsetting and confusing, making it hard for a person to feel grounded in reality.

 

People might experience these symptoms for several reasons. Stress and anxiety often play a big role, as intense emotions can make the mind feel the need to disconnect as a way to cope. Traumatic experiences, such as abuse or accidents, can lead to these feelings too, as the brain tries to protect itself from painful memories. Sometimes, people who experience sudden or extreme changes, like a big move or losing a loved one, might feel detached as a response to overwhelming feelings. Certain medical conditions, lack of sleep, or even substance use can also make these symptoms worse or trigger them.

 

Treatment for depersonalization/derealization disorder often includes therapy to help people understand and manage these feelings. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly used for this. In CBT, people learn to recognize and challenge the thoughts and beliefs that might be making their symptoms worse. For example, if someone fears they’re “losing their mind” because of these feelings, a therapist can help them see that these feelings, while uncomfortable, don’t mean they’re losing control. This can lessen their fear and stress. CBT also helps people build coping skills, like grounding techniques. These techniques include focusing on what they can see, hear, and feel in the moment, which can help them reconnect with reality. Over time, therapy helps people feel more comfortable and in control, even if symptoms sometimes return.